Spatio-Temporal Analysis of Rainfall Dynamics of 120 Years (1901–2020) Using Innovative Trend Methodology: A Case Study of Haryana, India

As we know, climate change and variability significantly influence the most important component of global hydrological cycle, i.e., rainfall. The study pertaining to in spatio-temporal patterns rainfall dynamics is crucial take appropriate actions for managing water resources at regional level prepare extreme events such as floods droughts. Therefore, our has investigated distribution performance seasonal all districts Haryana, India. gridded datasets 120 years (1901 2020) from India Meteorological Department (IMD) were categorically analysed examined with statistical results using mean rainfall, deviation, moving-average, categorization, trend, correlation analysis, probability function, climatology heavy events. During each season, eastern Haryana have received more than those its western equivalent. Rainfall deviation been positive during pre-monsoon while it negative remaining seasons third quad-decadal time (QDT3, covering period 1981–2020); declining Haryana’s winter, summer monsoon, post-monsoon recent years. Innovative Trend Analysis (ITA) shows a trend post-monsoon, monsoon an increasing occurs season. Heavy (HREs) identified season last QDT3 (1981–2020) based on available data their analysis was done European Centre Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) reanalysis Interim (ERA-Interim), which helped understanding atmospheric parameters HREs. Our findings are highlighting qualitative quantitative aspects state. This beneficial impact may further guide policymakers beneficiaries optimizing use resources.